Universal instrument-sharpener



UNITED 1A W. z. W. cHAPMAN AND J. W. VCHAPMAN, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. fz l UNIVERSAL INsrRirMnNcli-SHARPLNER.n

SpecicationvofLetters Patent No. 5,902, dated November-7, 1848.

To all whom it may concern.' f

Be it known that we, WILLIAM Z. W. CHAPMAN and JOHN W. CHAPMAN, of the city and county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Grinding andSharpening Instruments and for other purposes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same, making part of this specification,

i of which- Figure l is a side elevation, Fig. 2 `is an end elevation,Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section, through the line m mof rFi'g. 2, Fig. 4c is a top view showing the reciprocating stone With its. appendages, Fig. 5 is a transverse section through the reciprocating stone, Fig. 6 represents a forked holder.

The same letters .in the different figures refer to corresponding parts. Y

The natureV of our invention and improvement consists of a new combination; and arrangement of knowm 'mechanical devices, whereby a rectangular grinding blockhav` ing a plane, lorfluted surface, .is caused to move backward and i forward, under an adjustiveY turning holder, in Which the va'-4 ner ends-and in combining with the reciprocating stone a flat revolving stonewhich has likewise a turningiadjustiverest. con-IA nected with it. :4

To enable others skilled= in the art .to make and use our invention, we will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A is the base, or vplatform upon .which the whole machine 4is arranged, Bgisw'the frame upon which 4the :reciprocatingy grindi stone C, with its'carriage D mounted,I on suitable Ways, or slides D; near" the middle of the frame the crank shaft E is placed. on suitablefbearings; thecrank is connected by .means ofva slide s Fig. ,3,

withtheslot d ofthe arm D2, whichpro-Y' jects l from the lower side of the carriage and as the crank revolves vslide s plays up and 'down in the slot d, kat the Sametime moving the carriage and stone backward andy forward. yOn the crank shaft E-f'are mounted themain drivingpulley F, which receives motion from any conven1entorV available primemover, and the band wheel F, which, by means of the band f passing: underv the guide pulleys f" f and aroundthey pulley g turns the verticalshaft G and.y

the revolving horizontal, grinding, andy polishing disk G which" is securedfo 4its `upper endy in any suitable manner; this@ disk," with its shaft, is supported by the frame B2. On each end of the frame' B they `bent metallic guards b b are secureohfbyA thescrews ara which pass through the'slot, or-k opening '.made throughtheir lower ends the 'guards.slideup, or down on these" screws` for the purpose .of adjusting them :tofthe' varyingv thickness: ofthe grinding! block, when placed in different positions-'Upon the inner ends of each of the guards ybfb apiece of spongey b b, or other absorpti-ve substance is afxed for ythe purpose of imV .bibing water, orv oil, with which itis from time to. timeisupplied, which' oil, or water .l is gradually given 'out tosupply the grindi ing surface with a sufficientamountof moisture, as the sameplays backward and forward/under the said guards.. The sponge may vbeplac'ed` ina boxV t having a perforated bottom .and coveredby a follower u which -is pressedv downby a spring o as represented in Figs. l, 3,4'. The reciprocating and vrotary grinding blocks 'c aremade of either-natural',

or artificial stone, or other suitablesubstance; whenthe grinding surfaces of these stones, in consequence of irregular wear, have lostthelr symmetry of form, they are yrendered again symmetrical: by removing the guards and :grindingthemdown by the alternateapplication of two surfaces,jplain, orw ridged, as theZ case may requireybut which are precisely the counterpart of they form it'is desiredfto rgive to lthe vgrinding surface ;f'-this"operation is veryv simple and is easily done' vrequiring neither much Vskill nor--timein its performance.; I y

On the. sides of they frames 'Bl and B2 the adjustive sliding'res'ts I, I2, vare placed,

they are held in the required position and clamped by the bars J Jzwhich are securedto the sides ofthe frames bythe screws1y`, f,"

when it is required to change the position of the rest byimoving it.backward',i.or. for-.- ward on the side of the frame the screws j i2 are loosened and when the rest is adjusted in the required position are againVv tightened to hold-it. Upony the -restI'fthe standard i is erected on which the adjustive head kslides uprorfdown thislhead is `held inl` any position in which itmay be adjusted by the clamp screwls. In this headfarhori-` zontal turningl restC L issecured, by passing ing theiturning rest infgthelheadiand `"like-` wise lservesxi` as a handle to takewhold of toy press `the 'instrument uponl'the stone, by

turning it downwardwwhen placedfbetweenf the :forkedfendsfofvthe holder. Theholden is: sometimes turned into.a givenf-position so 1, as to hold the instrument being:` ground at a fixed angle upon- 'the face,` of the stone, and is Jsecured-.insuch positionby the-.clamp` screw Z= Eig. 4, the clamp-screw cizin-this .case ,being 1 loosened and thewforce"A requiredll to press the `instrument .upon zthestone'ap'-` plied to' the :head c- -Iinz a. downward direction. For the purposefotgrindingzcircular' cutting edges `in ai `regular andQuniform' manner, one, or more of the sides f of ylthe'r'e-` ciprocating f stone may be. kmade, 'of l thewrefv quired form to effect-'the object. Ita-join` er-s gage chisel, for instance, is required :to be ground, `it is placed between the Vforks ofi the holder' L andl then pressed upon-.the Aeircular ridge;-or,groove as; it is required'tobe ground on,` the concave, or convex side. f The several sides of the stone are, or" may: be,

very readily placed uppermost, asfrequired, thewstone beingheld upon its carriage,y or

bed `D by a clamp V screw? D3: acting u againstV one'end of it; the other 'endraloutting-against?v aY stop D4; or itfmay be secured in'anypther way' which` admits of its being easily moved;l

This method of :grinding curved edges wouldrequire as many ridges andgrooves as' there are different ycurvesy to-iberground, which rendersthe methodinadm-issiblein practice. For the purposeof'getting over this diiiiculty, and enabling us'torgri-ndcircular edges 'at an luniiorm angle `throughout their entire curvaturel upon a plain surface,y

by 1 a general method Aapplicable tolsuch'- cases, we'have contrived thevibrating clamp M, which turns on the fjointwpin ma Lwhich pin-secures it between-the forks of ther'turning holder; the gouge requiredfatofbe'ground,"

by this method'. is placed' in. the clamp with its -convex `side downward, vrand f s held 'there by the clamp screw m as seen in Figs. land 4,' the turningrest lL is in all other respects `adjusted and Aoperated `as `if the vibrating clamp were not used; the vibratings.. clamp mayi vbe made of .variousforms to adapt it to holding different kinds of tools. A The V*operator with his right hand "lays hold of the knobZ and turns it to give the requiredy degree-'ofpressure of the chisel being ground upon the stone; at the same time with his left :hand he` turns thevibrating clamp u'irom side to-sideand wit-hit :thei chisel, or fgouge, through `-an 4arcofa vcircle corresp'ondingto the .arc of the curvature of i said zg'gouge, or: other instrument a ting Vedges of, cutlery' there is scarcely. one'to bef-foundy among those commonly .sharpened by grinding thatJmay-n'ot be avery readily zgroundf either on1the r0t:ary,'for.r;the reciprocating stone, for in both cases theaffac'ecof g the -.stonez.may be -mader of any Shaper` that fmay :beanecessary to make itconorm 1tosthe 1shape'iofaf-the. cutting edge;;and lthus infthe extentfofits applicationit is superiortdall L otherm grinding. apparatus before i known.

i our` invention @is that `the :nicest and most idiiicult grinding may be done without ,neci; essarily soiling,;or in anyvway' bringing the which. :in 'the tease aofi' dentists,; engravers, .1 watchmakers". andf z other: i artists,: r or s `fworkers j in idelicateyor .fhighly polished'` cutlery, is ya quality offnoylittle importance. f

. -fapprentice boy Ecan'f'avery readily `be instructed howl@ toa-adj ust: the holder, head, i and instrumentfi'nthe properrposition rela- .tivev to thestone andl to: each ;,other', 'and he is then qualified to grind instruments r, with i ...a 1 degree of accuracyequaltol that of thevmost i of x accuracy :far beyond what.:` the most.` skill ful workman can accomplish'gbythe1 ordiisy `it to :grind 'delicate cutting instruments in.,V a :properfmanner V.by :the f ordinary; modes, rand requiringsuch la :degree `of rnicety and accuracy' of umanipulation; `fthat -1 but ,1 few not Amaker.grindingf-their :sole occupation, can ever ifhopeY toy l attain; proficiency. i We have stated` these AAfacts 'for the:l purpose s of showingffthat ,f our .i invention, simple :though lit be, is nevertheless of greatimpo'rtancexin i the mechanic arts;

i Various-kinds v'ofaholders may be :used

5 ground-+for instance; a.f{forkedz holderl with a clamp screw ato clamp fans axe or A hatchet between ythe :p1-longs cmaysbe :used-.the holder-.havinga shankfwhich is 4tobeputiloetweenr the arms ohthe -rest-.L-:L-thevascrew m having a i curved y. edge, which it 4:may be rei. quired.- tofgrind. Ofi allfl the fmultiform; cut- @Another n distinguishing.- characteristic of hands into Contact :,withjthe oil ,or -water,`

i experienced A\workman,;.` and f with aiA degree 1 nary 1 methods ;f indeed so diicult aimatter.

l. even ofthe fmost skilfulaworkmen `.who do i adapted to :the variouslkinds of? toolsvto'i be being inserted through corresponding holes in the rest and shank so asto allow it to have a universal movement. In Fig. 6 is seen one of these forked holders in which P represents the shank to be inserted between the arms of the rest L-and Q the clamp screw for securing an axle, or other article to be ground between the prongs of said holder.

The adjustive sliding rest I2 standard i2 clamp bar J2- clamp screws jadjustive head K2- turning rest L2- knob b2 for holding and directing the instrument to'be ground on the rotary disk Gr, are' made and arranged, and used in thesame way as these parts are made, arranged and used when grinding with the reciprocating grinder C, before described.

What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination and; arrangement of the adjustive turning holder L, with the grindstone C, as herein described, by means accurate grinding of all manner of edged instruments.

2. We also claim, the combination of the 3. We likewise claim, the combination of Y the grinding block C, with the guards b b having Sponges b b to be saturated with water, or oil, secured to their inner ends substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth. f

In testimony whereof we have hereunto respectively signed our names, before two subscribing witnesses this twenty-fourth day of November A. D. 184:7.

Witnesses:

WM. P. ELLIOT, P. H. WATSON.

vof which the apparatus is adapted to the A 

